Cars

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Cars are used to carry freight, or people in the case of passenger cars, from one location to another. Many types of cars are in common use, specialised to carry different types of freight. Trains are made up of tens or hundreds of cars travelling along a similar route, although not necessarily from the same origin or to the same destination.

Within Freight Yard Manager, 56 distinct types of car are represented. In many cases, these types represent the combination of both the physical characteristics of the car as well as the commodity being carried, to better represent traffic patterns. For example, there is no major difference between a standard boxcar and a boxcar carrying paper (although paper customers have stringent requirements on the condition of the car), so the FYM car types represent the fact that paper/cardboard travels on fairly well defined routes from paper mills to paper distributors, packaging plants, and printing companies.

Types of Car

The table below gives a summary of car types.

The tare weight is the weight of the empty car, while the load limit is the maximum amount of freight that can be loaded. The loaded weight of a car can be as high as the sum of the tare weight and the load limit, but may be lower if a car is not loaded fully. The load weight of a car is determined automatically by FYM. Many maximum car load weights often top out at 131.5t (263,000lb), which is universally handled across the rail network, or 143t (286,000lb), which can run on most major routes, but not all branches and shortlines.

Car types shown in bold are the primary car types in FYM. Any non-bold rows under each primary car type are sub-types, giving some variation in physical characteristics, but otherwise behaving identically.

Two car types, Insulated Boxcars and Lumber Bulkhead Flats, are no longer used in FYM, as these car types have fallen out of use. Either general service boxcars or refrigerated cars replace the former, while lumber now travels on centerbeam flat cars.

Car Characteristics
Car Type Length (ft) Tare Weight (tons) Load Limit (tons) Max Weight (tons) Typical freight Notes
Passenger 80 30.0 37.5 67.5 Passengers
Well 64 25.8 37.4 63.3 Double stack containers, both domestic and international Can come in articulated 3- or 5-car sets, which are permanently coupled
Spine 65 18.0 31.0 49.0 Truck trailers or single containers, almost entirely for domestic traffic Comes as articulated 3- or 5-car sets, which are permanently coupled
Autorack 93 52.5 28.0 80.5 Automobiles, including vans and pickup trucks Can come as articulated 2-car sets, which are permanently coupled
Woodchip 64 36.0 95.5 131.5 Woodchips, either for papermaking or for fuel Represents both classic open-top woodchip hoppers (often converted boxcars), and more recent covered hoppers
Box, 50' General Service 57 40.0 91.5 131.5 General freight
Box, 60' General Service 67 39.7 103.3 143.0
Coal 53 21.9 121.1 143.0 Coal
Tank, General Service 50 36.5 95.0 131.5 General liquids, e.g. water, biodiesel, ink Numerous commodity-specific types of tank car exist
Tank, Small General Service 43 31.2 108.6 139.8
Tank, Large General Service 54 37.9 90.0 127.9
Covered Hopper, Grain 60 30.5 112.5 143.0 Grain, such as wheat, corn, soybeans, barley After processing, products carried in Food-Grade hoppers, or Feed hoppers for use as animal feed
Open Hopper, General Service 44 30.5 112.5 143.0 Dry bulk commodities not requiring weather protection, e.g. rock and aggregates Numerous commodity-specific types of open hopper exist
Gondola, General Service 56 35.0 108.0 143.0 Large or bulky products not requiring weather protection, e.g. pig iron, pipes, railroad materials, sulfur Numerous commodity-specific types of gondola exist
Gondola, High-Sided 56 37.5 100.0 137.5
Ore Hopper 35 31.6 111.4 143.0 Mineral ores, most commonly iron ore
Ore Hopper, Long 44 31.6 111.4 143.0
Flat, 60' 65 32.5 77.5 110.0 Large items, e.g. telephone poles, tractors Numerous commodity-specific types of flat car exist
Flat, 89' 95 30.0 113.0 143.0
Flat, 60' Centerbeam 68 31.5 100.0 131.5 Lumber, wallboard
Flat, 73' Centerbeam 81 31.0 112.0 143.0
Flat, Intermodal 89 36.7 32.7 69.4 Containers and trailers Now very rare, replaced by Well and Spine cars.
Flat, MOW 60 32.5 77.5 110.0 Railroad maintenance of way equipment, e.g. rails and ties
Coil 46 30.5 112.5 143.0 Coiled steel and aluminium
Flat, Bulkhead 68 42.0 101.0 143.0 Commodities requiring some support to prevent movement, e.g. aluminium ingots, bricks, pipe
Flat, Heavy Duty 59 39.0 104.0 143.0 Large industrial machinery
Covered Hopper, General Service 4-Bay 59 30.0 113.0 143.0 Dry bulk commodities Numerous commodity-specific types of open hopper exist
Covered Hopper, General Service 3-Bay 50 30.6 112.4 143.0
Covered Hopper, General Service 2-Bay 39 27.5 115.5 143.0
RoadRailer Trailer 54 25.4 Special truck trailers equipped with rail axles. Only in service on NS between Kansas City and Detroit.
Refrigerator, Mechanical 76 50.4 92.6 143.0 Frozen food
Box, 60' Auto Parts 67 42.4 100.6 143.0 Automobile parts
Box, 86' Auto Parts 93 57.0 58.0 115.0
Box, 60' Paper 67 37.1 105.9 143.0 Paper, cardboard, pulp
Tank, Food-Grade 50 36.5 90.0 126.5 Food-grade liquid products
Tank, Large Food-Grade 54 37.5 90.0 127.5
Tank, Chemical 54 33.8 97.7 131.5 Liquid chemicals
Tank, Small Chemical 43 31.2 108.6 139.8
Tank, Pressure 54 25.0 95.0 120.0 Gaseous products, e.g. LPG, chlorine, carbon dioxide
Tank, Small Pressure 36 33.5 76.5 110.0
Tank, Large Pressure 61 49.9 81.6 131.5
Tank, Petroleum 50 36.5 90.0 126.5 Petroleum products, e.g. gasoline, diesel, and other fuels
Tank, Small Petroleum 43 31.2 108.6 139.8
Tank, Large Petroleum 54 37.9 90.0 127.9
Tank, Ethanol 54 33.8 97.7 131.5 Ethanol, used as a fuel additive
Tank, Large Ethanol 58 33.4 109.6 143.0
Tank, Corn Syrup 54 36.5 95.0 131.5 Corn syrup
Tank, Small Corn Syrup 43 32.2 108.6 139.8
Tank, Vegetable Oil 54 37.9 90.0 131.5 Vegetable oil
Tank, Slurry 40 30.3 122.7 143.0 Clay slurry for papermaking
Tank, Acid 45 30.6 100.9 131.5 Acids
Tank, Small Acid 43 28.8 102.7 131.5
Tank, Molten Sulfur 37 29.7 101.8 131.5 Molten sulfur, used in fertilizer manufacture
Open Hopper, Sand 44 30.5 112.5 143.0 Sand
Open Hopper, Petcoke 44 30.5 112.5 143.0 Petroleum coke, a byproduct of oil refining
Open Hopper, Coke 44 30.5 112.5 143.0 Coke, for use in steelmaking
Open Hopper, Ballast 44 30.5 112.5 143.0 Railroad Ballast
Gondola, 52' Steel 56 35.0 108.0 143.0 Steel ingots, bars, etc.
Gondola, 66' Steel 70 38.8 104.2 143.0
Gondola, Scrap 56 35.0 108.0 143.0 Scrap metal
Gondola, Rock 42 27.3 115.7 143.0 Rock
Flat, Garbage 89 30.0 113.0 143.0 Garbage in containers
Well, Garbage 66 28.9 81.1 110.0
Gondola, Garbage High-Sided 63 36.2 106.8 143.0 Garbage in containers
Flat, Steel Bulkhead 73 42.0 101.0 143.0 Steel ingots, plates, etc.
Covered Hopper, Food Grade 4-Bay 59 30.0 104.0 134.0 Bulk food, e.g. flour and sugar
Covered Hopper, Food Grade 3-Bay 50 30.6 112.4 143.0
Covered Hopper, Plastic 4-Bay 60 29.0 114.0 143.0 Plastic pellets
Covered Hopper, Sand 2-Bay 39 27.5 115.5 143.0 Sand
Covered Hopper, Sand 3-Bay 50 30.6 112.4 143.0
Covered Hopper, Lime 2-Bay 39 27.5 115.5 143.0 Lime and crushed limestone
Covered Hopper, Cement 2-Bay 35 27.5 115.5 143.0 Cement
Covered Hopper, Feed 4-Bay 63 34.9 108.1 143.0 Animal feed, and grain byproducts for use as feed
Covered Hopper, Feed 3-Bay 50 30.6 112.4 143.0
Covered Hopper, Fertilizer 4-Bay 59 30.0 104.0 134.0 Solid fertilizer
Covered Hopper, Mineral 4-Bay 59 30.0 104.0 134.0 Bulk minerals, e.g. alumina, potash, soda ash
Covered Hopper, Mineral 3-Bay 50 30.6 112.4 143.0
Covered Hopper, Mineral 2-Bay 39 27.5 115.5 143.0
Covered Hopper, Fly-Ash 2-Bay 39 27.5 115.5 143.0 Fly ash and crushed slag
Covered Hopper, Fly-Ash 3-Bay 50 30.6 112.4 143.0
Covered Hopper, Salt 4-Bay 59 30.0 104.0 134.0 Salt
Covered Hopper, Salt 3-Bay 50 30.6 112.4 143.0
Covered Hopper, Salt 2-Bay 39 27.5 115.5 143.0
Box, 60' Lumber 67 40.3 102.3 143.0 Lumber
Covered Hopper, Chemical 4-Bay 59 30.0 104.0 134.0 Bulk dry chemicals
Covered Hopper, Chemical 3-Bay 50 30.6 112.4 143.0
Covered Hopper, Chemical 2-Bay 39 27.5 115.5 143.0